Fear by association: Perceptions of anti-immigrant policy and health outcomes

In an era of mass deportation and anti-immigrant policies, a "culture of fear" exists among many in immigrant and Latinx communities. Anti-immigrant policies can create hostile sociopolitical environments, and as punitive immigration enforcement becomes increasingly common, those who feel "hunted" by ICE can experience intense feelings of anxiety, fear, and depression. Discrimination experienced by immigrants can also lead to chronic stress, which negatively impacts both physical and mental health. This study examines the spillover effect, or "fear by association", and its effects on health in the Latinx community generally, including those who are not immigrants or who have stable legal status (such as a green card or citizenship). Relying on a nationally representative survey of Latinx individuals, these authors demonstrate that Latinx individuals who view their state's policies as unfavorable to Latinx individuals and/or immigrants are more likely to report poor health status, especially when they are non-citizens. Individuals who report feeling worry about the deportation of a friend or relative are 60% more likely to report poor mental health status. Anti-immigrant policies that promote a "culture of fear" can have serious ramifications on the physical and mental health of immigrants and non-immigrants alike, even those who are not at risk of deportation themselves. (Immigrant Integration Lab)

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